Photobiomodulation therapy as an effective approach for fluconazole-induced oral erythema multiforme: a case report

Abstract Purpose To report a case of erythema multiforme (EM) triggered by oral fluconazole and managed with adjuvant therapy, including photobiomodulation (PBM) with low-level laser irradiation. Case Report A 35-year-old female patient undergoing treatment for vaginal candidiasis developed ulcerated lesions in the oral mucosa and diffuse swelling, mostly evident in the lower lip and tongue, two days after fluconazole administration. Beyond supportive measures such as oral hygiene to prevent secondary infections, pain control, nutritional support, treatment with PBM with both red and infrared emission. Significant pain relief was observed after the first session, and within 72 hours, a marked reduction in edema and partial healing were evident. Complete mucosal healing was achieved at the end of treatment. Conclusion This case underscores the importance of early recognition of drug-induced adverse reactions and demonstrates the applicability of PBM as a safe and effective therapeutic alternative in EM with oral mucosal involvement. PBM proved to be effective in controlling symptoms and accelerating mucosal healing.