Sustainable bioresin from fruit waste and natural gum for circular economy in non-load-bearing application

Abstract Background Petroleum-based plastics have significant environmental impacts, including harm to marine ecosystems, terrestrial wildlife, human health, and global warming. In response, bio-based resins are emerging as viable alternatives in composite manufacturing, driven by the growing demand for sustainable and eco-friendly materials. Methods This research focuses on developing bio-resins derived from Acacia gum and orange peel waste for lightweight structural applications. Acacia gum and fruit peels were extracted, washed, dried, and ground into powder form, then combined in specific ratios to produce bio-resins. Results In line with circular economy principles, these agricultural wastes were used as alternative raw materials to create valuable synthetic resins. FTIR analysis of Acacia gum revealed O–H functional groups at an absorption band of 3300 cm⁻¹, indicating the hygroscopic nature of the lab-prepared resin. This issue was mitigated by incorporating fruit peel powder, which acted as a natural plasticizer. Conclusions This study demonstrates the potential of renewable agricultural wastes in bio-resin development, supporting the transition toward sustainable composite manufacturing. The findings establish a framework for utilizing eco-friendly matrices, particularly suited for non-load-bearing structural components.