Disassembly of End-of-Life Automotive Traction Batteries: An Analysis and Benchmark of Location Factors in Germany

Abstract Economic and ecological incentives drive the recycling of end-of-life lithium-ion batteries used in electric vehicles in Europe. As a pretreatment process step, this includes the disassembly. However, the exact choice of location for a disassembly plant represents a complex strategic decision that is not sufficiently supported by current literature. Therefore, this article elaborates relevant factors for the location of a disassembly facility by conducting a systematic literature review. The derived location factors are categorized within the dimensions of Porter’s Diamond Model: factor conditions, demand conditions, related and supporting industries, and firm strategy, structure, and rivalry. Additionally, an initial assessment of Germany is provided for each dimension while drawing comparisons, particularly to Norway and Bulgaria. The results, inter alia, show that Germany primarily provides advantages considering the research and knowledge level while it is not competitive regarding labor and energy costs. Ultimately, implications for research, industry, and policy makers are deduced.