Multisystem mayhem: autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type II presenting with acute neurological decompensation and multiorgan involvement: a case report

Abstract Introduction Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS) type 2 is a rare disease that makes the body produce insufficient hormones because more than one endocrine gland is targeted simultaneously. Case presentation We present here a report of a 30-year-old man found to have both APS type 2 and involvement of multiple organs. He came to the outpatient department with symptoms that suggested his thyroid, adrenal glands, and pancreas could be involved. The blood tests all showed he had Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, Addison’s disease, and type 1 diabetes. Discussion Schmidt syndrome or APS type 2 was first noticed in two patients with Addison’s disease and chronic thyroiditis, described by the clinician Schmidt. Afterward, doctors confirmed that, as a rule, Addison’s disease occurs along with type 1 diabetes. The disease is three times more common in females than in males. Conclusion This case demonstrates the importance of diagnosing acute endocrine problems early and that young patients with autoimmune conditions should be assessed for problems in multiple organs.