Psychological benefits of physical-sport practice in recent mothers

This study examines the relationship between physical-sport activity and mental health in women during the postpartum period, assessing negative variables (depression, anxiety, and stress) and positive ones (resilience and grit). A total of 328 women from Andalusia (Spain) participated, engaging in 240–300 min of weekly physical activity in accordance with WHO recommendations, and having given birth within the previous six weeks. Validated scales (DASS-21, RS-14, and GRIT-O) were administered, and activity levels were measured using Wold’s (Health-Behavior in schoolchildren: a WHO cross-national Survey. Resource package questions 1993-94, Norway: Universidad de Bergen, Noruega, 1995) questionnaire. The analysis included descriptive statistics, reliability coefficients, Pearson correlations, and multiple linear regressions to assess the association between physical-sport activity and psychological variables. Results showed that such activity was significantly associated with lower levels of depression, anxiety, and stress, and with higher levels of resilience and grit. These findings confirm previous evidence on the benefits of exercise for perinatal mental health and provide novel insights into its role in strengthening positive psychological resources. It is concluded that promoting physical activity programs tailored to the needs of new mothers may be an integral strategy to prevent emotional distress and enhance key personal competencies.