Innovative Hybrid Machine Learning Methods for Breast Cancer Predictive Optimization

Recently, the growing population has increased the challenge of early disease detection. Breast cancer is the second most severe cancer, and early diagnosis is critical for reducing mortality. This study introduces a novel hybrid machine learning approach for breast cancer prediction, integrating Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (AHC) with multiple classifiers such as Gradient Boosting (GB), Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), Quadratic Discriminant Analysis (QDA), and Naive Bayes (NB). This integration leverages clustering to group similar instances, improving classifier focus and predictive accuracy. The model’s performance is evaluated across multiple metrics including accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, sensitivity, specificity, and false-positive/negative rates. The proposed approach demonstrates high effectiveness, with AHC + GB achieving the highest accuracy of 99.30%, outperforming standalone methods. This research highlights the novelty of combining unsupervised and supervised techniques, identifies research gaps, and provides a foundation for clinically relevant, robust breast cancer prediction systems.