Navigating Child Online Protection in Indonesia: International Norms, Local Realities, and the TikTok Factor

Abstract This paper examines child online protection (COP) initiatives in Indonesia, focusing on normative implications and methodological challenges for computational social science. It analyzes how international norms influence Indonesia’s legal framework and policy development, particularly in the context of China’s growing digital influence through platforms like TikTok. The study reveals significant gaps in awareness and implementation of COP measures, exacerbated by the popularity of Chinese-owned apps among Indonesian youth. It highlights the need for enhanced digital literacy, targeted regulations, and interdisciplinary research approaches. The paper offers insights into innovative data collection methods and ethical considerations for studying children’s online behaviors. It concludes with recommendations for strengthening Indonesia’s COP framework, emphasizing the importance of balancing technological advancements with child safety in the digital age, while addressing the unique challenges posed by Chinese technological influence.