Current updates in perioperative care for patients with chronic liver disease

Abstract Patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) are at increased risk of adverse perioperative outcomes. Effective preoperative risk stratification and optimization are critical to minimizing perioperative complications. This article summarizes key aspects of perioperative care in patients with CLD, including pathophysiology, preoperative risk assessment, and evidence-based perioperative care strategies. For patients with hepatocellular carcinoma require liver resection, a multidisciplinary approach is recommended to optimize surgical candidacy and outcomes. In addition, altered bioavailability of opioids and other analgesics necessitates individualized postoperative pain management, emphasizing multimodal approaches tailored to hepatic function. Graphical Abstract