Clinical diagnosis and treatment recommendations for immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis (2026 edition)

Clinical Cancer Bulletin 2026 Open access

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Authors: Wang Yan, Cai Qingqing, Liu Yuan, Chen Jiahui, Lu Hao, Lin Jinyi, Wang Zhiming, Wang Yinman, Yao Zhifeng, Zhang Shilong, Ma Lingying, Zhao Ji
+20 more Chang Shufu, Zhang Chi, Liu Rongle, Zhao Xin, Wang Cong, Xianling Qian, Li Zheng, Li Jing, Wang Ya’nan, Sun Haitao, Shen Yihui, Xu Yuchen, Xu Ran, Zhang Jian, Wang Xuejun, Pan Jian’an, Zhang Hui, Huiyong Chen, Leilei Cheng, Ge Junbo
DOI: 10.1007/s44272-026-00065-3
Cited by: 1
References: 149

Abstract

Abstract Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) deliver prominent anti-tumor efficacy across multiple malignancies, yet ICI-associated myocarditis represents a life-threatening adverse event requiring standardized management. Updated from the 2022 version, these recommendations integrate up-to-date domestic and international real-world data and emerging evidence concerning bispecific antibody-related cardiac injury, thymic imaging grading, artificial intelligence-assisted early screening, and optimized second-line immunosuppressive regimens. These recommendations provide standardized practical guidance for prevention, early recognition and individualized intervention to improve patient outcomes.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and mitigation Pericarditis and Cardiac Tamponade

Publication details

Journal / source
Clinical Cancer Bulletin
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Volume
5
Issue
1
Publication date
6 July 2026
Language
EN