Current advances and prospects in integrated pest management of Phthorimaea absoluta

Phthorimaea absoluta ( Meyrick) is a highly damaging pest that presents a substantial global threat to Solanaceae crops. Despite its presence in over 90 countries, an effective integrated pest management (IPM) programme for controlling P. absoluta remains elusive. This review consolidates advancements in IPM approaches, highlighting chemical, biological, and botanical controls, as well as emerging molecular and nanotechnological interventions. However, reliance on chemical pesticides and the limited field validation of alternative methods hinder progress. Innovations such as RNA interference, metabolomics, and the development of resistant cultivars show promise but require broader implementation. Additionally, farmer education and policy support are critical for promoting sustainable practices. However, efforts to educate farmers about the importance of IPM programmes need further attention. This review underscores the need for multidisciplinary efforts to create and disseminate comprehensive IPM solutions to mitigate the impact of P. absoluta on global agriculture.