A dynamic escape model for dual water inrush in mine roadways based on the dynamic wave method

Following dual water inrush incidents in mine roadways, the propagation of water flow within the tunnels becomes highly complex. The interaction effects between water flows significantly impact the selection of escape routes for personnel. This paper addresses the scenario of dual water inrush in rectangular cross-section roadways with slopes. Based on the average flow distribution theory and considering nonlinear superposition factors due to water flow interactions, a dynamic wave model is established to simulate the propagation from dual water inrush points. Using the simulation results, a multi-objective dynamic programming model for personnel evacuation is developed, with evacuation time, risk, and path length as objectives. A time-dependent Dijkstra algorithm is employed to design reasonable escape routes for three trapped miners. The study finds that after the initiation of the second water inrush point, the escape paths, required time, and associated risks for the miners undergo significant changes. This complete mathematical model provides a systematic solution for mine water inrush escape, ranging from flow simulation to route optimization, ensuring both physical authenticity and computational feasibility.