The initial validation of an internalization and externalization inventory

Acta Psychologica 2026 Open access

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Authors: Aire Valiente, Freideriki Carmen Mamali, Marleen M. Rijkeboer, Arnoud R. Arntz
DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.107327
Cited by: 0
References: 26

Abstract

Internalizing and externalizing in adults are typically assessed via psychopathological symptoms, despite being temperament indicators. This study developed the Internalization and Externalization Inventory (IEI), which measures internalization and externalization as temperamental tendencies to deal with stressors. The IEI was distributed online to 236 adults. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was used to investigate its hypothesized two-factors structure. First, the unidimensionality of the internalization and externalization factors was assessed; items with loadings

Fields of Study & Subjects

Attachment and Relationship Dynamics Personality Disorders and Psychopathology Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications

Publication details

Journal / source
Acta Psychologica
Volume
268
Pages
107327–107327
Publication date
30 June 2026
Language
EN