Beyond black-box rail transport: how aggregated energy system optimisation models can hide infeasible planning pathways and underestimate decarbonisation costs — evidence from Italy to 2050

Applied Energy 2026

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Authors: Khaled Sayed Gad, Lorenzo Caravetta, Riccardo Sordi, Emanuela Colombo

DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2026.128293

Cited by: 1

References: 13

Fields of Study & Subjects

Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency Integrated Energy Systems Optimization Maritime Ports and Logistics

References 13