Shoulder Rotators Isokinetic Profile According to Instability and/or Sport Specificity: Implications for Rehabilitation

OBJECTIVE: To describe the shoulder rotator muscle profiles across healthy, unstable, and athletic contexts and compare the usual peak torque (PT) method and the angular range (AR) method. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of data collected cross-sectionally. SETTING: Hospital. Each participant participated in isokinetic evaluations of the shoulder rotator muscles at 60°/s (concentric/eccentric) for both shoulders. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 239 participants with a mean age of 24.7 (7.5) years INTERVENTIONS: None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We recorded the PT and AR mean torque by 10°, and we calculated the antagonist/agonist ratios. We used a 2-way repeated measures analysis of variance with a correction for multiplicity to compare laterality (ie, side-to-side) and contexts (ie, no-overhead sports healthy, no-overhead sports with unstable shoulder, overhead sports healthy, and overhead sports with unstable shoulder. RESULTS: Concentric PT of external rotators were significantly lower in no-overhead athletes with shoulder instability than healthy no-overhead athletes (P=.007) and healthy overhead athletes (P=.029). The AR highlighted significant (P