Mapping assistive technologies along the progression of Alzheimer's disease: A scoping review

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: A growing population of people living with Alzheimer's Disease requires improved supports for aging in place. Assistive technologies (ATs) can delay institutionalization, reduce care partner strain, and improve quality of life for this population. The abilities and needs of this population change during disease progression, but it remains unclear which ATs are best suited for specific stages. The purpose of this scoping review was to provide a snapshot in time by mapping currently available ATs assessed in peer-reviewed research, across the seven stages of Alzheimer's Disease progression. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The review followed the Arksey and O'Malley framework to identify and harvest information from Medline, Scopus, CINAHL, and Embase databases. Inclusion criteria were Alzheimer's Disease, technology interventions of any type and duration, English language, and the period between 2000 and 2023. Data was extracted and analyzed using six predetermined domains of ATs for dementia: safety devices, clinical devices, memory aids, ATs for preventing social isolation, ATs for leisure activities, and ATs for supporting everyday tasks. RESULTS: A total of 87 ATs, reported in 47 articles, were mapped along seven stages of the disease. A variety of ATs are available, with high technology (e.g., tracking devices) targeting initial stages, and low technology (e.g., weighted blanket) targeting later stages. Music therapies were present across all disease stages. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: The map has the potential to inform people with Alzheimer's Disease, care partners, technology companies, policy makers and service providers on current AT availability and need for further development.