A roadmap to implement Metaverse in education field based on ADDIE model: A systematic review

The Metaverse, hailed as the next-generation Internet, is a virtual realm where users can engage in real-time interaction with objects through their personalized avatars. In the education sector, it holds great potential to enhance accessibility, affordability, and skill development. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no prior empirical study that provides a clear roadmap for Edu-Metaverse’s implementation. To bridge this gap, this paper conducts a systematic bibliographic analysis of 168 empirical studies published between 2019 and 2025, following the PRISMA protocol. A bibliometric and thematic approach was employed to synthesize evidence and to construct a comprehensive research roadmap based on the ADDIE instructional design model. The findings underscore substantial potential for Edu-Metaverse enhanced learning and teaching while revealing critical gaps in methodological rigor and multimodal evaluation that must be addressed to advance evidence-based practice. Building on these findings, the study proposes an integrated framework that connects technological foundations, pedagogical design, and assessment practices to guide future Edu-Metaverse research and development.