Anthropometric, sociodemographic and metabolic factors associated with clinically expressed insulin resistance in individuals with type 2 diabetes

Clinically expressed insulin resistance (IR) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients usually leads to poor hyperglycaemia control and progression of complications. Aims to evaluate how selected sociodemographic, metabolic and anthropometric factors are linked to expressed IR among T2D patients and assess the clinical tools for IR evaluation. Methods A sample of 100 T2D patients aged 18 - 80 years old was divided based on their daily insulin requirement into case (>1IU/kg/d) and control (454 g), and the prevalence of visceral obesity was significantly higher in this group compared to the control group (100% vs. 72.7%, p = 0.032). High insulin requirement strongly correlated with HOMA-IR and eGDR in patients with T2D and could be used in determining IR. Conclusions Patients with T2D and expressed IR were younger and the duration of diabetes was shorter. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and dyslipidemia—specifically hypertriglyceridemia—was higher among individuals with expressed IR. Although the percentage of total body fat was comparable between groups, the amount of visceral adipose tissue was significantly greater in patients with expressed IR.