Rapid and sensitive detection of RNA biomarkers using morpholino-functionalized organic electrochemical transistor

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) biomarkers have emerged as vital molecular indicators in precision medicine, with accurate detection being essential for effective disease diagnosis. Conventional methods for RNA detection often suffer from limitations including insufficient sensitivity, lengthy processing times and limited specificity, which can lead to false negatives and hamper clinical applications. Here we present a phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer (PMO) functionalized organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) biosensor designed for the ultrasensitive detection of RNA biomarkers. Utilizing PMO as capture probes, its neutral charge characteristics and high sequence specificity synergize with the low background noise of OECT to enhance hybridization efficiency with target RNA and exhibiting higher sensitivity than traditional DNA probes. The RNA biosensor is fast (