Lung Cancer Yield by Baseline Screening Lung CT Screening Reporting and Data System (Lung-RADS) Assignment and Patient Factors

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer yield from lung cancer screening (LCS) via low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) may differ in community-based settings compared to clinical trials. RESEARCH QUESTION: What proportion of those receiving a baseline LCS LDCT in five healthcare systems in the United States were diagnosed with lung cancer within 12-months, overall, and by LCS findings and patient characteristics? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Study participants were LCS-eligible and received care and a baseline LCS LDCT within healthcare systems in the Population-based Research to Optimize the Screening Process Lung Consortium (PROSPR-Lung) from 2014-2020. We collected data on LCS utilization, results, patient characteristics, and smoking history via electronic health records. Baseline LCS LDCT findings were categorized using Lung-RADS, and lung cancer diagnoses were ascertained via cancer registries. The primary outcome was 12-month lung cancer yield. RESULTS: Of 13,448 patients, 47% were female, 48% ages