The role of viridans streptococci and anaerobic bacteria of the oral cavity in paediatric parapneumonic pleural effusions/empyema—a nationwide hospital-based surveillance study

Clinical Microbiology and Infection 2026 Open access

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Authors: P. Reuter-Weissenberger, Johannes G. Liese, Carsten Bauer, Michael Siegfried Urschitz, Christoph Schoen, Johannes Förster, Andrea Streng
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2025.12.025
Cited by: 1
References: 23

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Parapneumonic pleural effusions/empyema (PPE/PE) are serious complications of community-acquired pneumonia in children. Although Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes are established major pathogens, the clinical relevance of oral cavity bacteria (viridans streptococci and/or anaerobic bacteria [VS/AA]) in paediatric PPE/PE is largely unclear. METHODS: A nationwide hospital-based surveillance study in Germany recorded children aged

Fields of Study & Subjects

Pleural and Pulmonary Diseases Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections Nosocomial Infections in ICU

Publication details

Journal / source
Clinical Microbiology and Infection
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Volume
32
Issue
6
Pages
959–966
Publication date
8 January 2026
Language
EN