Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for characterizing neural electrodes

Current Opinion in Electrochemistry 2026 Open access

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Authors: Cynthia C. Eluagu, Bernard Wiafe Biney, Stuart F. Cogan, Kevin J. Otto, Mark E. Orazem
DOI: 10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101807
Cited by: 2
References: 50

Abstract

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) has been extensively employed in the field of neural stimulation over the past 25 years. This review summarizes the early applications, major contributions, rudimentary use, and recent advances of EIS in neural applications. EIS is widely used in both research and clinical neurostimulation to monitor changes in electrode impedance due to foreign body response and glial encapsulation. The key parameters for in vitro and in vivo measurements are discussed along with the guidelines for data interpretation.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Neuroscience and Neural Engineering Neurological disorders and treatments Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies

Publication details

Journal / source
Current Opinion in Electrochemistry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Volume
56
Pages
101807–101807
Publication date
3 January 2026
Language
EN