Dielectric–magnetic synergized pores modulation engineering in polymer aerogels for integrated electromagnetic wave absorption and infrared stealth

The construction of multifunctional aerogels with optimized stealth performance remains challenging due to unbalanced dielectric-magnetic properties and limited tunability of porous structures. Herein, we report polymer-based EVA-Fe 3 O 4 -GO (EFG) aerogels via a direct heated cross-linking process and pores modulation engineering. The obtained porous EFG hybrid aerogels construct discontinuous dielectric matrix and optimize dielectric-magnetic synergism, achieving efficient electromagnetic wave absorption. The pores modulation engineering enables precise control over porosity, where regulating NaCl template content modifies pore sizes and densities, forming a hierarchical porous architecture. EFG aerogels exhibit a minimum reflection loss (RL min ) of −34.3 dB at 2.0 mm and a broad effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 4.56 GHz in high-frequency bands. The synergistic combination of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles and GO sheets enhances magnetic-dielectric loss, while the porous structure promotes multiple microwave scattering. Additionally, the EFG aerogels demonstrate excellent infrared stealth and thermal insulation performance, maintaining surface temperatures below 40 °C under continuous heating. The EFG aerogels show promising potential for electromagnetic wave absorption and infrared stealth applications in aerospace and defense sectors, offering a facile strategy for high-performance multifunctional aerogel design.