The impact of individualized CT contrast media protocols on total iodine load and contrast enhancement: a systematic review and meta-analysis

AIM: To evaluate the impact of individualized contrast media administration protocols, compared with fixed-volume protocols on total iodine load, image enhancement, and inter-patient variability across common CT indications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: ; prediction intervals were calculated. RESULTS: Eighteen studies (n=3,133 patients; nine CT angiography, nine parenchymal CT; 11 experimental and 7 proprietary individualization methods) met the predefined inclusion criteria. Mean weighted total iodine load was significantly lower with individualized versus fixed protocols: 25.59 ± 10.13 g I vs 30.62 ± 7.72 g I, a mean saving of 5.43 g I per patient (95 % CI 2.82-8.04; p