Photovoltaic thermal desalination review

Water and energy are closely interlinked, and their consumption is increasing significantly. The rapid rise in energy and water demand, coupled with depleting fossil fuels and their environmental impact, leads to the renewable energy desalination process. Photovoltaic thermal (PVT) systems are becoming an attractive renewable energy option due to their ability to simultaneously produce electrical and thermal energy. PVT desalination offers a solution to address both water and energy shortage. This work examines PVT-desalination with a focus on modeling and simulation techniques, highlighting advancements in emerging desalination technologies. The aim is to review PVT-desalination methods, including solar still, humidification dehumidification, multiple effect distillation, multistage flash, reverse osmosis, membrane distillation, and forward osmosis. Detailed modeling and simulation approaches are presented, along with an overview of emerging desalination techniques. • The integration of Photovoltaic thermal system with desalination was analyzed. • Modeling and simulation techniques of PVT desalination addressed. • Emerging PVT desalination systems were review. • Beneficial work to conduct modeling and optimization of PVT desalination entirely.