Next-generation bio-based phase change materials for sustainable energy storage

• BPCMs exhibit good thermo-physical properties for TES applications. • Advanced preparation methods of BPCMs are systematically reviewed. • BPCM thermo-physical properties and morphology are critically discussed. • BPCM’s potential barriers and environmental impact are thoroughly discussed. • Factors influencing the BPCMs capability in TES are comprehensively reviewed. Phase change materials are recognized for their capability to absorb and release significant amounts of heat during phase transformations and demonstrate compact uniqueness in thermal management applications. To establish sustainable energy storage techniques, phase change materials research has shifted its attention more and more towards bio-based phase change materials (BPCMs) as an alternative to traditional ones. This paper critically investigates a cutting-edge approach that harnesses the potential of BPCMs in thermal energy storage. Besides preparing BPCMs for thermal energy storage applications, the authors also outline innovative methods for material preparation. In addition, the present study thoroughly investigated thermophysical properties and surface morphology to ensure BPCM’s incorporation and optimal performance in thermal energy storage applications. The bio-waste-derived materials within the organic and bio-based PCM matrix resulted in variations in thermal conductivity and heat storage enthalpy. The results demonstrated that the composites exhibited a significant improvement in thermal properties and latent heat as compared to the base PCM. Further, the current obstacles and research gaps associated with BPCMs are comprehensively analyzed, laying the groundwork for further research. Moreover, an in-depth overview of the environmental impacts of BPCMs, their challenges, and future directions is comprehensively presented