Carbon reduction strategy based on coordination of production stages in cement manufacturing enterprises considering locational marginal carbon emission

Cement manufacturing enterprises, recognized as one of the most significant global carbon emission sources, face substantial pressure for carbon reduction. Conventional carbon reduction strategies predominantly emphasize direct carbon emissions, yet they often overlook the considerable impact of indirect carbon emissions from purchased electricity. This oversight renders them ill-suited for the trend of electricity substitution. To address this limitation, this paper proposes a novel carbon reduction approach for cement manufacturing enterprises. The approach integrates a two-stage stochastic optimization and is centered on the dynamic collaborative control of controllable production stages. Specifically, the operational states and production rates of these controllable production stages are controlled based on the locational marginal carbon emission factor and inventory constraints, effectively reducing indirect carbon emissions without impeding the daily production target. Finally, the proposed method is verified using the IEEE 30-node system and real-world data from an actual cement manufacturing enterprise in Hunan, China. The results indicate that through the coordinated control of controllable production stages, the proposed model achieves a 15.35% reduction in indirect carbon emissions. Moreover, it demonstrates remarkable effectiveness in mitigating the impact of uncertainties (such as renewable generation fluctuations), highlighting its practical value and potential for wide-scale implementation in the cement industry.