Machine learning and scenario-based forecasting of Türkiye’s renewable energy transition toward net-zero 2053

The issue of global warming has been identified as one of the most critical challenges of the 21st century, with the consumption of fossil fuels being identified as a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. In response to these challenges, countries worldwide are expediting their transition towards renewable energy sources to meet international climate commitments, such as the Paris Agreement, and to achieve long-term sustainability goals. Türkiye has established a target to achieve net-zero emissions by 2053. This objective is consistent with both the nation’s domestic energy strategy and its international commitments. Nevertheless, the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources is impeded by geographical, economic, and technological constraints. The present study aims to assess the capacity and efficiency of renewable energy in Türkiye with environmental protocols and future electricity demand projections. Electricity generation, transmission data, and national energy plans are used to identify future electricity generation and capacity trends. In the context of this study, a range of machine learning models is executed across diverse scenarios, yielding a series of outcomes. Consequently, the repercussions of regulatory measures and financial investments were examined, and prospective inferences were derived. The findings underscore the pivotal role of scenario-based modeling in formulating sustainable energy policies and directing investment decisions within the context of climate change mitigation.