The most recent in bacterial bioremediation of herbicides and petroleum hydrocarbons: a review

Remediation of environment, contaminated with organic pollutants including herbicides and petroleum hydrocarbons, is of economic and health significance. Different methods have been used for remediation of soil pollutants including the biological ones as the most promising. There has been substantial progress on the use of plants and soil microbes for bioremediation. There are different approaches of bioremediation such as rhizoremediation, as well as the new ones including metagenomics, and CRISPR and machine leaning techniques on the interactive effects of soil microbes including plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and host plant. So, the present review has been presented consulting more than 200 recent articles from google scholar, ISI web of Science, and Scopus to investigate some of the most recent in microbial bioremediation of herbicides and petroleum hydrocarbons. The related subjects including the plants, the bioremediation techniques, bacterial strains, the related genes and enzymes have been reviewed. Since stressful parameters including contamination decrease plant growth and physiological capabilities, its association with PGPR and other soil degrading bacteria may significantly enhance their bioremediation potential. The comparative advantages and the limitations and the strategies, which may improve the efficiency of bioremediation have been presented. Due to the persistent molecular structure of petroleum hydrocarbons, research has indicated the more effective bioremediation of herbicides by bacteria and the host plant. This review may be suitable for the development of the bacterial strains and plant species, which are of higher efficiency for bioremediation of organic pollutants. The new directions for future research have alos been presented.