Anthocyanin-rich functional drinks enriched with hyaluronic acid (HA) and hydrolysed marine collagen: Physicochemical, antioxidant, and toxicity evaluation

This study examined anthocyanin-rich drinks containing hyaluronic acid (HA) and varying concentrations of hydrolyzed marine collagen (HMC) (0–5%), formulated to assess their physicochemical properties, antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activities, sensory acceptability, collagen content, and toxicity profile. The results indicated that increasing the concentration of HMC led to higher turbidity, total soluble solids, antioxidant, and anti-tyrosinase activity, as well as increased mineral, protein, fiber, and ash content. Notably, the addition of 2.5% HMC received the highest overall acceptability score, second only to the control. This concentration also enhanced the total collagen content, in vitro collagen levels, and collagen bioavailability. A single oral administration of 2000 mg/kg of the anthocyanin-rich drink enriched with HMC over 14 days did not result in any signs of acute toxicity, indicating an LD₅₀ value greater than 2000 mg/kg.