Digital twin architecture for Ceramics 5.0

Digital twins are becoming increasingly relevant in various industries, particularly in the manufacturing sector. While general architectures exist, there is a need for specific solutions tailored to sectors with limited research, such as ceramics. This article presents a flexible digital twin architecture for quality control in the ceramics industry, specifically for tableware, combining Industry 5.0 requirements while remaining compatible with Industry 4.0. The architecture is composed of seven distinct entities and is designed for practical implementation in real-world settings. The solution’s flexibility and adaptability promote the digital transformation of ceramic manufacturing. In a case study, the system achieved a low-latency, real-time quality control system with 98.00% accuracy, a 97.29% F1 score for classification, and an average precision (AP@0.5) of 73.10%. Furthermore, the physical workload of operators was reduced, enhancing human well-being, a fundamental component of Industry 5.0.