Modeling two-strain competition with reinfection: Mathematical analyses and epidemiological implications
Abstract
We propose a new epidemic model for the interactions between two different strains associated with the same pathogen. Our focus is how the competition between multiple strains and the impact of reinfection shape the transmission, spread, and progression of the disease. We analyze the dynamical behavior of this mathematical model, especially the existence of various equilibrium points and their stability properties. In addition, we conduct a detailed numerical study, utilizing publicly available COVID data to calibrate the model. Our simulation results reveal complex patterns in the interplay between the emerging and outgoing strains and highlight the importance of effective control for both the primary infection and reinfection routes of the emerging strain.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models
COVID-19 epidemiological studies
Zoonotic diseases and public health
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Infectious Disease Modelling
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1554–1578
- Publication date
- 9 May 2026
- Language
- EN