Advanced under frequency load shedding scheme incorporating wind-driven virtual inertia and inter-area oscillation sensitive control

The increasing integration of renewable energy sources in modern power systems has significantly reduced system inertia, consequently compromising frequency stability. To address this challenge, the utilization of the virtual inertial response provided by wind turbines has been proposed. However, the incorporation of such inertia may inadvertently intensify inter-area oscillations(IAOs) due to dynamic mismatches between control areas and the constraints of tie-line transmission capacity. This study presents an Under-Frequency Load Shedding (UFLS) strategy that leverages the virtual inertia of wind turbines, while explicitly accounting for its impact on inter-area oscillation damping. Two design methodologies are examined: the first aims solely to minimize the volume of load shed, whereas the second adopts a co-optimization framework that simultaneously reduces load shedding and enhances oscillation damping through a composite objective function with dynamic weighting. To implement this approach, a hybrid optimization strategy combining a genetic algorithm with a neural network-based estimation of damping metrics is employed. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy yields superior performance by effectively balancing the goals of frequency containment and oscillation mitigation.