A novel load- generation voltage control scheme based on non-singular terminal sliding mode control in DC microgrids

The integration of renewable energy sources into DC microgrids (DCMGs) offers precise efficiency gains, such as enhanced efficiency, reduced conversion losses, and improved compatibility with energy storage systems. However, maintaining stable DC bus voltage and achieving effective power flow control present significant challenges. This paper proposes a novel control strategy for DCMG converters that incorporates a Load-Generation Voltage Control (LGVC) scheme to regulate the DC bus voltage. To ensure stability under varying conditions, a Nonsingular Terminal Sliding Mode Control (NTSMC) approach is employed for precise tracking of the grid inverter’s voltage and current. The proposed strategy aims to minimize voltage deviations and ensure efficient power sharing between the Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) and the grid inverter. Simulation results demonstrate that the integrated NTSMC-LGVC strategy enhances voltage regulation, dynamic response, and power-sharing performance. The proposed approach enables optimal DCMG operation in both grid-connected and islanded modes while maintaining high power quality, reliability, and stability. These findings confirm the effectiveness of the NTSMC-LGVC strategy for managing complex DCMGs, highlighting its potential to improve both technical performance and economic viability. Furthermore, the results show the maximum overshoot of 0.05% and the settling time of 60 ms during transient state of DC voltage as well as the grid current THD of less than 3%.