Research on the carbon emission reduction effect of supply chain digitalization: Evidence from China

The digital transformation of supply chains has led to marked improvements in operational performance and transparency. Accordingly, it serves as a critical nexus for fostering the harmonious co-evolution of economic and ecological systems. This study employs a difference-in-differences approach to empirically examine the impact of supply chain digitalization on corporate carbon emissions and its mechanisms. The findings reveal that the carbon emission reduction effect of supply chain digitalization is primarily achieved through three channels: energy utilization efficiency, resource allocation efficiency, and green innovation level. Moreover, this inhibitory effect is moderated by supplier concentration, supply chain geographic distance, and supply chain stability. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the carbon emission reduction effect of supply chain digitalization is especially significant in central and eastern China and among state-owned enterprises. These findings provide relevant policy insights for advancing the development of digital supply chains and supporting green industrial transformation.