Quercetin potentially suppresses HBV activity through targeting the RIG-I/MAVS pathway

Quercetin exhibits potent anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) activity through a host-directed mechanism involving innate immune activation. In this study, quercetin was evaluated in a panel of in vitro and in vivo HBV infection models, where it effectively suppressed HBV replication and reduced viral antigen expression. Mechanistically, quercetin activated the RIG-I/MAVS signaling pathway, thereby enhancing downstream antiviral signaling and promoting interferon (IFN)-β production. Molecular interaction analysis and RIG-I knockdown experiments further demonstrated that quercetin directly binds to RIG-I and exerts its antiviral effects in a RIG-I-dependent manner. These findings establish the quercetin-induced activation of the RIG-I/MAVS axis as a key mechanism underlying its anti-HBV activity and highlight quercetin as a promising host-targeting candidate for HBV treatment.