Changes in soil TN and TP induced by freeze-thaw effect and the driving mechanism of environmental factors in a small watershed
Abstract
Freeze-thaw significantly affect soil total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP), yet their responses and driving mechanism at the small watershed scale remain unclear. We analyzed 184 soil samples (0-20 cm) from a typical Mollisols watershed (1.47 km 2 ) before and after freeze-thaw in Northeast China to assess spatial variations in TN and TP and to identify the key environmental factors driving their dynamics. Results indicated that TN and TP showed high spatial heterogeneity. After freeze-thaw, TN and TP changes ranged from -0.57 to +0.31 g kg -1 and -0.49 to +0.35 g kg -1 , respectively. Overall, TN decreased significantly by 12.5%, while TP increased significantly by 10.5% (p
Fields of Study & Subjects
Soil erosion and sediment transport
Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing
Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
Publication details
- Journal / source
- International Soil and Water Conservation Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 100609–100609
- Publication date
- 9 January 2026
- Language
- EN