The impact of continuous glucose monitoring in pharmacist-supported diabetes care: Evidence mapping through a scoping review

BACKGROUND: The adoption of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in diabetes care is rapidly expanding, offering opportunities to enhance glycemic management. As accessible health care providers, pharmacists are increasingly called upon to support patients in the use of digital health tools like CGM. However, the impact of CGM integration on pharmacist-involved diabetes services has not been systematically examined. OBJECTIVE: This scoping review aimed to map the breadth of available evidence on the impact of CGM on pharmacist-managed diabetes services and to identify gaps in the existing literature. METHODS: This scoping review was conducted using the five-stage methodological framework. Publications in English were searched in PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL from inception through October 2025. Key search terms included "CGM," "continuous glucose monitor," "pharmacist," "pharmacy practice," and "pharmacist-led". Articles were included if they involved pharmacist participation in CGM-related interventions. Studies that lacked pharmacist involvement were excluded. RESULTS: Of the 87 articles identified, 20 met the inclusion criteria. The studies employed various designs, with hemoglobin A1C (A1C) being the most reported clinical outcome. Significant A1C reductions associated with CGM-integrated pharmacist diabetes services ranged from -0.4% to -2.9%, compared to reductions of -0.5% to -0.8% in CGM-integrated care without pharmacists' involvement. Reporting of CGM-related metrics varied across the studies and included time in range, time above range, time below range, average interstitial glucose levels, and glucose variability. Nonclinical outcomes were generally positive with only 8 studies addressing the humanistic or economic aspects of CGM-integrated pharmacist diabetes services. CONCLUSION: This scoping review highlighted emerging but heterogeneous use of CGM metrics in CGM-integrated pharmacists' services in diabetes care. While reported outcomes were consistently positive, most studies focused on clinical parameters, particularly A1C. Future research should place greater emphasis on evaluating humanistic and economic outcomes of CGM on pharmacist-involved diabetes services.