A multidimensional hierarchical framework for sources of bias in real-world healthcare evidence: a scoping review

Journal of Biomedical Informatics 2026 Open access

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Authors: Haeun Lee, Christelle Xiong, Derek J Baughman, Chen Dun, Jiayi Tong, Benjamin Martin, Harold P. Lehmann, Paul Nagy

DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2026.104989

Cited by: 4

References: 61

Fields of Study & Subjects

Advanced Causal Inference Techniques Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education Meta-analysis and systematic reviews

References 61