A FRET-triggered probe for specific and interference-resistant detection of organophosphorus pesticides by composite Zr-MOFs

Organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) posed significant risks to both ecological and human health due to their widespread use and toxicity. Traditional detection methods for OPPs are complex and require expensive equipment. In this study, a novel fluorescence-based detection strategy is proposed, using serine-based carbon quantum dots (CQDs) encapsulated in a Zr-based porphyrin metal-organic framework (MOF). This composite material exploits the triggering of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between the CQDs and Zr-MOF for selective detection of OPPs. The FRET efficiency of this system is 72.9%, enabling it to have interference-resistant detection capabilities. The detection limits are approaching the detection limit of gas chromatography (~5 µg/L). The probe is applicable for environmental monitoring and food safety testing, offering a promising alternative for rapid on-site detection of OPPs without relying on enzymes. • An enzyme-free FRET probe for specific OPP detection. • Carbon quantum dots modified with serine were encapsulated into MOFs to form probes. • Efficient energy transfer enables sensitive OPP detection, approaching GC levels. • It allows rapid on-site OPP monitoring in real samples.