Ultrasonic-assisted preparation, characteristics and activity of Goji berry polysaccharide

Goji berry polysaccharides have physiological functions such as antioxidant, anti-tumor, liver protection, blood sugar lowering, and immune regulation. They have good therapeutic effects on preventing and treating some chronic diseases. Ultrasonic extraction technology, as a time-saving, energy-saving, and efficient extraction method, has also received widespread attention in the field of plant polysaccharide extraction. Herein, the mechanism of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of plant polysaccharides was expounded. The advantages and disadvantages of ultrasonic-assisted water extraction, ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction and ultrasonic-assisted subcritical water extraction of Goji berry polysaccharides were analyzed and discussed. The corresponding countermeasures were also put forward for the existing problems. At the same time, the biological activity of Goji berry polysaccharide was summarized. The structure of polysaccharide is complex, and the structure-activity relationship is not yet clear. By studying the biological activities of low molecular weight and homogeneous polysaccharide degradation products, the active domains of polysaccharide can be effectively mined. • Ultrasonic extraction technology is a time-saving, energy-saving, and efficient extraction method. • The biological activity of Goji berry polysaccharide and mechanism were discussed. • The corresponding countermeasures were also put forward for the existing problems.