Research Advances in Rapid Detection Technologies for Multiple Mycotoxins

Mycotoxins are ubiquitous contaminants throughout the food supply chain and represent a significant threat to global food safety and public health due to their high carcinogenic potential, teratogenic effects, and the synergistic toxicity arising from multiple cooccurring mycotoxins. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in rapid mycotoxin detection technologies, with particular emphasis on high-throughput detection strategies and mechanistic innovations in immunoassays, molecular biology-based methods, biosensors and microarrays, and microfluidic chip technologies. It highlights a clear transition from single-analyte detection toward multichannel, integrated, and intelligent sensing platforms, alongside substantial progress in nanomaterial engineering, signal transduction and decoding, and device miniaturization. By elucidating the underlying mechanisms of each detection method, the review critically analyzes their technical strengths, identifies existing limitations in practical applications, and discusses potential directions for future development. This work aims to provide a theoretical foundation for the iterative innovation of rapid mycotoxin detection technologies and to support real-time monitoring and precision control throughout all stages of the food supply chain.