Crashworthiness and energy absorption capacity of foam metals with high-low temperatures

The lunar surface is characterized by a vacuum, a lack of water, and harsh environmental conditions. The lunar soil detector consists of a prefabricated groove, a warhead, foam titanium, foam aluminum, and the main detector unit. The foam metal mechanism absorbs the force exerted on the detector and provides recoil resistance. Stress levels in the prefabricated groove and warhead reached 10 9 Pa, while other components experienced stress levels of 10 6 Pa. The prefabricated groove experienced a stress of 1460 MPa, whereas foam titanium and foam aluminum experienced 10 MPa and 1 MPa, respectively, indicating a significant reduction. The reduction capacity of foam titanium is approximately 1%, and for foam aluminum, it is 0.1%. The sensor achieved a 42.8% reduction in acceleration using foam titanium and aluminum, allowing for normal operation. Increased porosity enhances the buffering effect. Both foam titanium and foam aluminum performed well in high- and low-temperature tests, ensuring reliable detector operation.