Design and implementation of an integrated microclimate, irrigation, and photovoltaic monitoring system for a pilot agrivoltaic greenhouse

This paper presents the design and deployment of an integrated microclimate monitoring and automated irrigation system implemented in a pilot greenhouse with integrated photovoltaics, as part of the European REGACE project. The system was developed to enable high-resolution, real-time monitoring of key environmental parameters such as air temperature, relative humidity, soil moisture, and light intensity, while also automating irrigation based on sensor feedback. The system aims to support data-driven crop management decisions while improving water management and irrigation demand assessment in a dynamic greenhouse environment. The architecture includes a network of calibrated sensors, programmable logic for irrigation control, and centralized data logging for analysis. The system was installed and experimentally evaluated in a greenhouse equipped with integrated photovoltaic panels, adding further complexity to light and temperature dynamics. Operational results confirm the stability and responsiveness of the system, which provides the foundation for future integration with predictive models and energy-use optimization strategies.