Evaluation of in vitro and in vivo antidiabetic potential of hydromethanol extract and solvent fraction of the leaves of Ajuga integrifolia (Lamiaceae) in diabetic mice models

Diabetes mellitus is a spectrum of distinct metabolic disorders marked by sustained elevation of blood glucose levels that arises from deficiencies in either insulin action, insulin secretion, or a combination of both. Ajuga integrifolia is traditionally used to control diabetes. To evaluate the antidiabetic effects of hydromethanol and solvent fraction extracts from the leaves of Ajuga integrifolia using in vitro and in vivo methods. The plant leaves were extracted using the maceration technique. The plant's acute oral toxicity test was evaluated according to the guidelines of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. In vitro α-amylase inhibition activity of the hydromethanol and solvent fraction extracts of the leaves of Ajuga integrifolia was evaluated by using the 3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid method. The study examined the effects of hydromethanol and solvent fraction extracts at doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg on lowering blood glucose levels in a diabetic mouse model. An acute toxicity study of the hydromethanol extract of the leaves of the Ajuga integrifolia did not show any sign of toxicity or mortality. The greatest alpha amylase inhibition was revealed by hydromethanol extracts (57.63±0.38%) (800μg/mL), while the n-hexane fraction (23.18±0.78%) (800μg/mL) showed the lowest effect. The hydromethanol extract 500 mg/kg (p