Psychosocial factors that affect transition during the first year as a newly graduated nurse - An integrative literature review

AIM: The purpose of the study was to highlight the psychosocial factors that affect the newly graduated nurse's transition and conditions for a sustainable working life during the first year in the profession. BACKGROUND: The initial year for newly graduated nurse's can be challenging both personally and professionally, described by Duchscher's (2008) model as transition shock, which can affect their intention to continue nursing. DESIGN: An integrated literature review (Whittemore and Knafl, 2005) was conducted. METHODS: Searches in CINAHL and PsycInfo 2014-2024 resulted in 13 original scientific articles focusing on psychosocial factors affecting newly graduated nurses in their first year of practice. Data were analysed and synthesized using integrative thematic analysis in accordance with Whittemore and Knafl (2005). RESULTS: Psychosocial factors fostering a sustainable working life for NGNs were categorized into: Role identification, emphasizing reasonable organizational demands and a positive work environment for role establishment; Support functions, highlighting the importance of organizational, colleague and supervisor support; and Psychological capital, describing empathy, resilience, a desire for development and self-efficacy as crucial factors. NGNs require time for gradual role adaptation within a supportive context offering development opportunities. CONCLUSIONS: Sustainable working life for newly graduated nurses is promoted by a supportive work environment that facilitates incremental professional responsibility during the first year and by strengthening internal psychological capital.