Thermal behaviour of organic PCMs with dispersed GNP nanoparticles

To ensure efficient thermal energy storage, phase change materials (PCMs) must exhibit thermal and chemical stability. This study investigates four organic PCMs Soya Wax, Bee Wax, PEG, and Camphene reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) at 0.1 %, 0.3 %, and 0.5 % wt. Thermal conductivity analysis are carried out. FTIR analysis confirmed no significant chemical alteration upon GNP addition. TGA results showed a 10–20°C delay in thermal degradation onset across all composites. Soya Wax with 0.5 % GNP exhibited an increase in onset and peak degradation temperatures from 310 °C to 325 °C and 388 °C to 401 °C, respectively. DTG analysis indicated reduced degradation rates and broader profiles, while residual mass at 450 °C increased, signifying enhanced thermal resistance. These results confirm that GNP reinforcement improves the thermal durability of organic PCMs for energy storage applications. • Investigated thermal behaviour of GNP-reinforced organic PCMs. • Novel composite PCMs developed using Soya, Bee Wax, PEG, and Camphene. • GNPs enhanced thermal stability without altering PCM chemical structure. • Up to 22 % rise in thermal conductivity observed with 0.5 % GNP addition. • Improved degradation resistance confirmed through TGA and DTG analysis.