Correlating photoluminescence and thermoluminescence in Dy³⁺-doped BaSi2O5 phosphors: A dual-functional approach

Dy³⁺-doped BaSi 2 O 5 powders were synthesized by solid-state reaction and characterized for structural, photoluminescence (PL) and thermoluminescence (TL) properties. XRD indicates a single-phase orthorhombic structure. Under 351 nm excitation the samples show characteristic Dy³ ⁺ emissions at ∼478 nm (blue) and ∼573 nm (yellow); PL intensity reaches a maximum near 0.04 mol Dy³ ⁺ before concentration quenching, and Dexter’s analysis indicates multipolar (dipole–dipole) interaction as the dominant quenching mechanism. CIE coordinates and recalculated CCT (≈4.1–5.0 × 10 ³ K) with CRI ≈ 78–83 place the emission in the cool-white region. TL glow curves exhibit a dominant trap with activation energies of ≈ 0.75–0.91 eV (initial-rise and peak-shape methods) and near second-order kinetics. These results demonstrate that BaSi 2 O 5 , Dy 3+ merits further investigation for possible near-UV-pumped lighting and dosimetric applications.