Fourth-generation gene editors: Integration-based genome engineering
Abstract
), as well as the CRISPR-associated transposons (CASTs, type I-F, type V-K), which achieve RNA-guided, DSB-free DNA insertion with high efficiency and directionality. This review also highlights viral integrases (HIV, MLV), known for their stable gene delivery, and mobile group II introns (targetrons) and R2 retrotransposons for their site-specific integration and all-RNA delivery strengths. Even though there have been significant advances in efficiency, specificity, and delivery strategies, challenges with these powerful tools remain. Continued refinement of these integrase systems will facilitate a new generation in gene-based approaches for the definitive correction of variants of inherited diseases.
Fields of Study & Subjects
CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
Genomics and Rare Diseases
Genetics
Bioinformatics
and Biomedical Research
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Molecular Therapy Advances
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 201753–201753
- Publication date
- 7 May 2026
- Language
- EN