ADHD symptom magnitude predicts creative problem-solving performance and insight versus analysis solving modes

Although Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is linked to executive-function deficits, research suggests that it may benefit creativity. We hypothesized that ADHD symptom severity is associated with distinct problem-solving modes. In this online study, 301 participants solved Compound Remote Associates problems to assess whether ADHD symptoms, measured by the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale, predict insight-based (“Aha!”) versus analytic problem-solving. Individuals with the highest ADHD symptom severity relied more on insight than analysis compared to those with the lowest symptoms. Both the high- and low-ADHD symptom groups outperformed those in the middle of the distribution, suggesting that strong and weak executive function facilitate different pathways to solution while moderate function benefits neither. Regression analyses showed that increasing ADHD symptoms decreased analytic solving but increased insight solving, resulting in an overall U-shaped function. These findings highlight two routes to creative problem solving: deliberate analysis versus spontaneous insight, the latter associated with stronger ADHD symptoms.