The upper bound of event horizon formation time in generalized Oppenheimer–Snyder collapse
Abstract
We prove that, in the framework of the Oppenheimer-Snyder collapse, the Schwarzschild exterior maximizes the event horizon formation time Δ T eh = 19 6 m among all asymptotically flat, static, spherically-symmetric black holes with the same ADM mass m that satisfy the weak energy condition. This bound extends the typical black hole inequalities–such as the Penrose inequality, which constrains spatial geometry–to temporal setting.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Physics Letters B
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Volume
- 874
- Pages
- 140245–140245
- Publication date
- 3 February 2026
- Language
- EN